| Determinants of Entrepreneurial Growth Aspirations: multi-level model |
| Erkko Autio (Tanaka Business School, Imperial College London) |
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| We tested a multi-level model of the determinants of entrepreneurial growth aspirations. Several years of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) data were pooled to study links between taxation, intellectual property protection, economic growth, and entrepreneurial growth aspirations. The findings show that entrepreneurial behaviors are significantly influenced by context. Both taxation and IPR protection have important cross-level moderating influences on how an individual's education and household income predict her growth aspirations. |
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| Intrapreneurship or Entrepreneurship? |
| Simon Parker (Richard Ivey School of Business, University of Western Ontario) |
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| I ask which factors induce people to start new ventures for an employer as a 'nascent intrapreneur', and which encourage them to engage in independent start-ups ('nascent entrepreneurship') instead. Analysis of a nationally representative sample of American adults gathered in 2005-06 shows that individuals self-select between these modes of commercialization. Empirical estimates derived from a bivariate probit sample-selection model uncover systematic di¤erences between nascent entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs. The results highlight the importance of general human capital for the mode of commercialization and are consistent with aspects of agency theory. Implications for managers and entrepreneurs are discussed. |
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| Varieties of Export-Oriented Entrepreneurship in Asia |
| Siri Terjesen (Kelley School of Business, Indiana University Bloomington) |
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| This paper explores differences in the proportion of export-oriented early-stage entrepreneurial activity in twelve Asian countries. Drawing on varieties of capitalism theory, we find that Asian countries with high quality institutions are more likely to have higher proportions of young export-oriented firms. However, analysis on a 52 country data set indicates that Asian countries have significantly fewer young export-oriented firms than do non-Asian countries. Furthermore, the multi-country study reveals that countries with higher proportions of export-oriented entrepreneurial activity tend to have flexible industrial relations, high quality vocational training, and confrontational labor employer relations; however the proportion of export-oriented new ventures is not related to the quality of corporate governance and inter-firm relations. |
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| Self-employment as a way to evade Employment Protection Legislation |
| Concepción Román (Universidad de Huelva, SPAIN) |
| José María Millán (Universidad de Huelva, SPAIN) |
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| During the recession period, it was a frequent practice among Spanish firms to convert waged and salaried workers into independent contractors (i.e.own-account workers) in order to lower costs and enhance productivity. Consequently, transitions from paid-employment to self-employment might be hiding this fact (and biasing these results as a consequence). By using the European Community Household Panel for the EU-15 (ECHP, 1994-2001), we provide a tentative approach to this phenomenon in Europe. |
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| Affiliations (the paper they are presenting has three authors): * Concepción Román -Universidad de Huelva, SPAIN * José María Millán -Universidad de Huelva, SPAIN* Emilio Congregado-Universidad de Huelva, SPAIN |
